CWNP CWISA-102 Exam Questions

LoRa:This refers to the underlying radio modulation technique using Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS). It defines how data is physically encoded onto the wireless signal.

LoRaWAN:This is the network protocol built on top of LoRa. It manages device communication, network topology, and aspects like security. It operates at the MAC sublayer of the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model

LoRa vs. LoRaWAN:Key takeaway is that LoRa is the physical layer technology, while LoRaWAN adds the networking layer for management.

References:

LoRa Modulation:Technical explanations of Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS).

LoRaWAN Specification:Official documentation detailing the network architecture and MAC layer functions.

OSI Model:Descriptions of the Data Link layer and its role in networking.

Perception Layer:The foundation of an IoT system, it consists of sensors and actuators that:

Sense:Collect data about the environment or object being monitored.

Actuate:Potentially make changes based on commands (e.g., a smart valve opening/closing).

Transmit:Send gathered data to upper layers for processing.

PHP's Cross-Platform Nature:PHP originated for server-side web development, but also has a command-line interface (CLI) enabling its use for scripts and automation tasks.

Other Options:

Somelanguages are OS-specific (but less frequent with modern scripting languages) .

Many languages work in weborcommand line, notbothlike PHP.

References:

PHP (Introduction):Overviews mentioning its dual role in server-side web applications and as a general-purpose scripting language.

PHP CLI:Documentation on the command-line interface for PHP.

Cloud-based applications drive bandwidth usage:Applications like Google Suite, Microsoft 365, and video conferencing (Zoom, Teams) are commonly used in educational settings. These rely on cloud servers, requiring significant downloads and uploads.

Shift towards online learning:More schools are utilizing online learning platforms and resources, further increasing their dependence on cloud-based solutions.

Streaming, torrents, wearables less impactful:Streaming music and torrent sites can contribute, but their impact is generally less significant. Wearables in education are still niche despite their potential.

References

Trends in education technology:Reports on the rise of cloud-based learning platforms in schools.

[Example: Project Tomorrow Speak Up Research Project on Digital Learning] (https://tomorrow.org/speakup/)

Network usage studies in schools:Research on bandwidth usage patterns can confirm the primary drivers of traffic in educational settings.

Requirements Drive Decisions:The decision between wired or wireless must align with the solution's overall purpose, performance targets, and operational constraints.

Key Considerations:

Reliability:Does the application require guaranteed connectivity? (Wired may be favored).

Installation Cost:Can extensive cabling be done, or is it prohibitively expensive? (Wireless may be favored).

Flexibility and Scalability:Is node placement likely to change in the future? (Wireless may be favored).

Other Factors are Important, But Secondary:Distance, PoE availability, specific applications all matter, but they are assessedwithin the contextof the overarching business needs.

References:

Wireless vs. Wired Network Design:Comparisons of pros and cons, highlighting how use cases guide the choice.

IoT Solution Planning:Materials on defining requirementsbeforeselecting technology.