A data engineer is testing a collection of mathematical functions, one of which calculates the area under a curve as described by another function.
Which kind of the test does the above line exemplify?
A unit test is designed to verify the correctness of a small, isolated piece of code, typically a single function. Testing a mathematical function that calculates the area under a curve is an example of a unit test because it is testing a specific, individual function to ensure it operates as expected.
Software Testing Fundamentals: Unit Testing
The data architect has decided that once data has been ingested from external sources into the
Databricks Lakehouse, table access controls will be leveraged to manage permissions for all production tables and views.
The following logic was executed to grant privileges for interactive queries on a production database to the core engineering group.
GRANT USAGE ON DATABASE prod TO eng;
GRANT SELECT ON DATABASE prod TO eng;
Assuming these are the only privileges that have been granted to the eng group and that these users are not workspace administrators, which statement describes their privileges?
The GRANT USAGE ON DATABASE prod TO eng command grants the eng group the permission to use the prod database, which means they can list and access the tables and views in the database. The GRANT SELECT ON DATABASE prod TO eng command grants the eng group the permission to select data from the tables and views in the prod database, which means they can query the data using SQL or DataFrame API. However, these commands do not grant the eng group any other permissions, such as creating, modifying, or deleting tables and views, or defining custom functions. Therefore, the eng group members are able to query all tables and views in the prod database, but cannot create or edit anything in the database.Reference:
The Databricks CLI is use to trigger a run of an existing job by passing the job_id parameter. The response that the job run request has been submitted successfully includes a filed run_id.
Which statement describes what the number alongside this field represents?
When triggering a job run using the Databricks CLI, the run_id field in the response represents a globally unique identifier for that particular run of the job. This run_id is distinct from the job_id. While the job_id identifies the job definition and is constant across all runs of that job, the run_id is unique to each execution and is used to track and query the status of that specific job run within the Databricks environment. This distinction allows users to manage and reference individual executions of a job directly.
A Delta Lake table representing metadata about content from user has the following schema:
user_id LONG, post_text STRING, post_id STRING, longitude FLOAT, latitude FLOAT, post_time TIMESTAMP, date DATE
Based on the above schema, which column is a good candidate for partitioning the Delta Table?
Partitioning a Delta Lake table improves query performance by organizing data into partitions based on the values of a column. In the given schema, the date column is a good candidate for partitioning for several reasons:
Time-Based Queries: If queries frequently filter or group by date, partitioning by the date column can significantly improve performance by limiting the amount of data scanned.
Granularity: The date column likely has a granularity that leads to a reasonable number of partitions (not too many and not too few). This balance is important for optimizing both read and write performance.
Data Skew: Other columns like post_id or user_id might lead to uneven partition sizes (data skew), which can negatively impact performance.
Partitioning by post_time could also be considered, but typically date is preferred due to its more manageable granularity.
Delta Lake Documentation on Table Partitioning: Optimizing Layout with Partitioning
The data engineer team has been tasked with configured connections to an external database that does not have a supported native connector with Databricks. The external database already has data security configured by group membership. These groups map directly to user group already created in Databricks that represent various teams within the company.
A new login credential has been created for each group in the external database. The Databricks Utilities Secrets module will be used to make these credentials available to Databricks users.
Assuming that all the credentials are configured correctly on the external database and group membership is properly configured on Databricks, which statement describes how teams can be granted the minimum necessary access to using these credentials?
In Databricks, using the Secrets module allows for secure management of sensitive information such as database credentials. Granting 'Read' permissions on a secret key that maps to database credentials for a specific team ensures that only members of that team can access these credentials. This approach aligns with the principle of least privilege, granting users the minimum level of access required to perform their jobs, thus enhancing security.
Databricks Documentation on Secret Management: Secrets
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